When Lessing first published it in 1779, Nathan the Wise was so shockingly progressive that it was banned by the church. An intelligent, generous, compassionate, Jewish main character? A plea for people of all religions to focus on living good lives rather than violently asserting their religion’s superiority? Accidental almost-incest? The horror! (Okay, maybe that last one is still a little shocking, but you get the point.)
Central to the play’s message of tolerance is the presence of Christian, Muslim, and Jewish characters who are fundamentally good. Sure, some of them are prejudiced, especially at the beginning of the play, but they’re still essentially good people. (The Young Templar, for instance, initially says a lot of mean things about non-Christians, but he still saves Recha’s life at the risk of his own, and he still deals honorably with Saladin.) In fact, except for the Patriarch, who is a clear, exaggerated example of extremist religious intolerance (his most memorable line, repeated several times, is “The Jew must burn!”), everyone in the play has a working conscience and admirable character traits. That’s the point.
In his new staging for the Volkstheater, director Christian Stückl has badly missed the point. Continue reading A wise Jew, an unwise director